Will You Take The Red Pill Or The Blue Pill?

Brent Rasmussen's picture

"Out-of-body" experiences have intrigued and perplexed mankind for ages. Mystics have been allegedly able to induced them on purpose for thousands of years, and regular folks have experienced a feeling of floating "out of body", or "looking down on myself" after strokes, brain damage, or on the operating table after a violent accident. I think that a significant portion of NDEs, or "near death experiences", probably fall into this same category as well.

Great discussions have been held throughout the ages with theists generally using OOBEs as evidence of mind/body duality, or the existence of a human "soul". Heck, I've had it used against me in arguments, discussions and debates over the years. It was hard to refute successfully, because there was indeed a lot of evidence that OOBEs actually happened - they existed, in other words. We just didn't know why.

Now we do. And guess what? Scientists using real science discovered why OOBEs happen. They constructed a hypothesis, used it to predict the outcome of experiments, experimented, then published their finding in the peer-reviewed science journal Science Magazine. Two separate teams of scientists independently verified the same tentative conclusion by carrying out experiments designed to induce OOBEs in healthy, adult volunteers.

Apparently, OOBEs have exactly nothing to do with a mind/body duality, or with the existence of the "soul" - and everything to do with the way our brains gather and process information from our senses and determine the body's approximate location in 3-dimensional space.

[link] One idea is that these experiences could be explained by errors in how the brain assimilates the visual, tactile and other sensory information coming in from the body. Normally the brain uses the information to construct an idea of the body's position in space. By mixing up the sensory inputs Dr Ehrsson wanted to see if the brain could be tricked into believing its body was somewhere else.

In his experiment participants wore goggles containing a video screen for each eye. Each screen was fed images from a separate camera behind the participant and, because the two images were combined by the brain into a single image, they saw a 3D image of their own back.

Dr Ehrsson then moved a plastic rod towards a location just below the cameras while the participant's real chest was simultaneously touched in the corresponding position. The participants reported feeling that they were located back where the cameras had been placed, watching a body that belonged to someone else.

Olaf Blanke of Ecole Polytechique Fédérale de Lausanne carried out a similar experiment but added another exercise after the virtual reality section, blindfolding the volunteers and guiding them a few steps backwards. When the volunteers were asked to return to their original position, he found they were confused, always overshooting their actual start position in the direction of their virtual body.

"This is a part of what people with spontaneous out of body experiences have, the self is not within the bodily borders," said Professor Blanke. "This is some aspect of an out-of-body experience we have reproduced in a mechanistic way."

Volunteers did not overshoot their original position if they just saw a black screen or a plain box in their goggles.

Both research groups, who published their results today in Science, concluded that confusion between the senses was a key mechanism in the explanation of out- of-body experiences.

One interesting future development of this technology may be to perfect a remote telepresence rig that would allow for the remote-control of robots, or virtual reality avatars, where the telepresence operator would feel as if they were really there.

Video games or online worlds like Second Life would probably be the first to make use of this technology. Imagine a truly immersive online world. Imagine the business opportunities for some smart entrepreneur. People will probably go online - and never want to come back. Their bodies will need to be stored, fed, and taken care of health-wise. Probably in a pod of some kind. You could stack them up into gigantic towers. Then, because the human body produces heat, you could siphon off the heat from the thousands - no, millions of bodies in the pods! And the carefree dreamers could live their virtual lives without fear for their "real" body. In time, some may even forget they are living in a virtual world altogether...

It's pretty cool living in the future like this, huh Neo?

Or are we?

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Cat's picture

Few problems

And quite honestly I'm surprised Sci-fi flicks haven't picked up on this, since it's something any idiot who's been to an Imax movie or on a boat will notice sooner or later. Quite frankly it's the disconnect that will inevitably occur between the signals being delivered by the inner ear (specifically the Vestibular system) and those being delivered by the eyes. If there's a significant disconnect between the two nausea is felt by the subject. The classic example is you're on a boat down in your cabin and the boat starts rocking, back and forth, back and forth, you can feel this motion but when you look around the room you're in doesn't appear to be moving, the resulting disconnect causes the phenomena known colloquially as seasickness. IMO, if you're seasick the easiest way to cure it is to just CLOSE YOUR EYES and rely on what your body is telling you. The same phenomina can occur when in something like an IMax or planetarium show that includes a lot of movement, which makes your visual cortex think you're moving but your inner ear think you're standing still.

One interesting future development of this technology may be to perfect a remote telepresence rig that would allow for the remote-control of robots, or virtual reality avatars, where the telepresence operator would feel as if they were really there.

That being the case, I'm not sure how this would effect such virtual reality exploration as you describe (or virtual reality video games). On the one hand I have noticed that if I feel sick from seeing moving images while I'm sitting still it's less severe than if I'm moving but the visual input indicates sitting still.

Video games or online worlds like Second Life would probably be the first to make use of this technology. Imagine a truly immersive online world. Imagine the business opportunities for some smart entrepreneur.

And that entrepreneur will most likely be either Nintendo or an as yet unknown company. Sony and Microsoft make good consoles (well, aside from technical difficulties), but historically Nintendo comes out with the innovations. Admittedly though Sony and Microsoft at present are the ones pushing higher end graphics.

People will probably go online - and never want to come back.

So? People do that anyway.

Their bodies will need to be stored, fed, and taken care of health-wise. Probably in a pod of some kind. You could stack them up into gigantic towers. Then, because the human body produces heat, you could siphon off the heat from the thousands - no, millions of bodies in the pods! And the carefree dreamers could live their virtual lives without fear for their "real" body. In time, some may even forget they are living in a virtual world altogether...

Think of the possible uses. It's already documented that people playing video games experience less physical pain while gaming than people who are just sitting around, reading or watching TV while being pained. Imagine, not only do you give a patient a numbing agent, but rather than giving them Anesthesia you put them into a virtual world so complete they forget what's happening to their bodies. Think of the breakthrough for patients (such as the elderly) for whom anesthesia is risky. Think of the kids who won't necessarily behave while uncomfortable/painful procedures are used on them, you go from a struggling crying child to one who's so absorbed in their game they don't even notice when you stick the needle in them. Think of the old people, or the quadriplegics whose bodies are really very useless, but in a virtual world they can run around and do whatever they want. Why, such a pod palace as you describe could be the next nursing home where the patients wander in their own little world while machines carefully measure their condition.

Oh and Brent, if you think online game worlds are "carefree" you're very much mistaken. No world created by humans is ever going to be "carefree", they just like strife too much to allow it. Don't they, Mr. Anderson?

katylava's picture

am i mis-remembering

Is it just me? I swear I remember reading about scientists being able to trigger everything from religious experiences, paranormal experiences, and out-of-body experiences with electric or magnetic stimulation of the brain. That seems far more relevant to actual OOBE than tricking the subjects' eyes.

no matter where you go, there you are

Cat's picture

I saw that too

I remember it too. Makes you wonder if a lot of OOBE are just someone sitting too close to the TV.

god loves you's picture

Living in the matrix

What if using the same principle we are tricking our brains into thinking we are in this body in the first place. What if we arn't even in this body at all?

God is love
God loves you
Why not to use the bible as toilet paper

god loves you's picture

Hi Neo welcome to the matrix

The closest thing to an out of body experience I've ever had wasn't your classic out of body experience. Classic being seeing your body or the world from a point of view other than your body. My experience was like being outside of physical reality all together and looking at the virtual reality view screen that is our reality. In other words I saw that reality as we know it is an illusion at kind of virtual reality and we have basicaly forgoten what it really is.

This world is an illusion

God is love
God loves you
Why not to use the bible as toilet paper

Cat's picture

If this is just a game

I want my money back. This is the worst game I've ever played. Not only do the animals not automatically respawn if killed (not to criticize but if that happened there'd be no issue with endangered species, of course there'd also be no value to life since if I shot someone they'd just come back to life, but maybe that would make life more fun, you could do whatever you want without any real consequences) but there's no magic, no flying machines that run on nothing but magically generated electricity, no summon spirits, it's considered bad if you steal stuff, but not all the players start out on equal footing, some of them start out obscenely rich while others start out so poor their chances of making it to level 12 are slim.

And worst of all, there aren't any demonic white haired bishonen to hit on. At the very least I'd like the ability to breed nameless horrors to annoy people with (someone's got to, otherwise the hero wouldn't have anyone to fight).

god loves you's picture

This world is an illusion.

Now if this world is an illusion. Then the ultiamte reality is a reality beyond this world. If this world is an illusion death is nothing more than exiting the illusion. The after life is your real life. Drinking blood and human sacrifice (christianity) have nothing to do anything. What you experience is not all their is.

God is love
God loves you
Why not to use the bible as toilet paper

Stentor (too lazy to find my password)'s picture

God Is Loving has a point. I

God Is Loving has a point. I think the "confused about where your body is located" hypothesis is probably correct, but the experiments described are a few steps short of proving that it's the explanation for OOBEs. We've proven that providing inputs from a different location will confuse people as to where their body is. But we still need to show how the brain can take inputs coming from the correct location but misinterpret what they mean about the body's location.

god loves you's picture

body's location

I believe in the experiments they used virtual reality googles to present images to the eyes coming from cameras behind the person. So the person looked out of their eyes and say themselves from behind. Making the person conclude that they must be out of their body because they were seeing themselves from behind.

God is love
God loves you
Why not to use the bible as toilet paper

god loves you's picture

reversal

So from their results we can reverse it and ask the question. What if we only think we are in this body because of visual cues that suggest we are. Can we prove we actualy exist in this body or is this just a virtual reality?

God is love
God loves you
Why not to use the bible as toilet paper

Toast's picture

Hee Hee

Scientists using real science discovered why OOBEs happen. They constructed a hypothesis, used it to predict the outcome of experiments, experimented, then published their finding in the peer-reviewed science journal Science Magazine.

Such lovely snark. I'm going to be chuckling about that all day.

God is loving's picture

Ya I saw that research

The thing that you are forgeting is this. They were able to make people feel as though they were experiencing an out of body experience by showing the sensor information from another location. In an out of body experience where some one is seeing their body from another location. How do they recive visual stimulation from a location other than their eyes without a camera connected to their eyes.

OKAY so if i can see from a point other than my body I'll get the impression that I'm out of my body. SO how do people see from a point outside of their body without cameras hooked up to them?

Secondly what makes you think your even in this body?

Maby the only reason you think your in this body is because you recieve visual infromation from the perspective of being in this body?

Jim Downey's picture

There ya go...

...using science to go hatin' on religious experience again, Brent. Next thing you know, you'll be saying that perhaps there's a link between religious rapture and orgasms. Sheesh.

Jim Downey

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Like Science Fiction? Read my novel, Communion of Dreams, for free.

god loves you's picture

in the east

Tantric experts can learn how to trigger orgasm in their mind and well just make it happen all day long, at will and stuff.

God is love
God loves you
Why not to use the bible as toilet paper

god loves you's picture

tantra

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